STEP 3: Firing
In order for ceramic to be hard and dense, they
must be "sintered", or fired to high temperatures for prolonged periods of time in gas or
electric kilns. Typical firing temperatures for alumina, mullite, and zirconia reach
2850 °F - 3100 °F. Typical firing cycles can range from 12 - 120 hours depending upon
the kiln type and product. Ceramics shrink approximately 20% during the sintering process.
Non-uniform shrinkage as a result of standard forming and machining processes can cause
deformation of the ceramic. Our experience and knowledge of ceramic processing allows us to
utilize specific machining and firing methods to help limit these effects.
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